Nupe Basketry
Nupe Basketry is a traditional craft of the Nupe people of Niger State, Nigeria. The craft produces a variety of woven containers used for agriculture, fishing, trade, and household storage, reflecting the Nupe’s historic role as riverine traders and farmers along the Niger River.
Historical Background
The Nupe Kingdom, which flourished from the 15th century onward, was a major commercial center in central Nigeria. Basketry developed as a support craft for farming and trade, providing containers for transporting grains, kola nuts, and other goods to markets along the Niger River.
Nupe traders used woven baskets in river transport and regional exchange networks connecting Hausaland, Yorubaland, and the Middle Belt.
Materials and Construction
Nupe basket makers use locally available plant materials, including:
- Guinea corn stalks
- Raffia palm fibers
- River grasses
- Cane and rattan
Materials are dried and woven into strong yet lightweight containers suitable for transport by canoe and on foot.
Some baskets are tightly woven for grain storage, while others have open weaves for carrying produce.
Functions and Uses
Traditional uses include:
- Storage and transport of grains such as millet and sorghum
- Carrying kola nuts and trade goods
- Fishing-related storage and transport
- Household storage and organization
Large baskets are often used in river transport, where lightweight construction is essential.
Cultural Significance
Nupe basketry reflects the community’s dual identity as farmers and traders. The craft demonstrates practical knowledge of riverine environments and supports the economic networks that historically defined Nupe society.
Basket-making skills are traditionally passed down within families and remain part of rural livelihoods.
See also
References
- Nadel, S. F. A Black Byzantium: The Kingdom of Nupe in Nigeria. Oxford University Press, 1942.
- Mason, Michael. Foundations of the Bida Kingdom. Zaria, 1973.
- National Commission for Museums and Monuments (Nigeria). Traditional Crafts of Central Nigeria. Lagos.
